Morpholine, also known as 1,4-oxazacyclohexane and diethyleneimine oxide, is a colorless alkaline oily liquid with an ammonia odor and hygroscopicity. It can evaporate with water vapor and is miscible with water. Soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol and other organic solvents。
Morpholine contains secondary amine groups and has all the typical reaction characteristics of secondary amine groups. It reacts with inorganic acids to form salts, reacts with organic acids to form salts or amides, and can perform alkylation reactions. It can also react with ethylene oxide, ketones or perform Willgerodt reactions.
Due to the unique chemical properties of morpholine, it has become one of the fine petrochemical products with important commercial uses. It can be used to prepare rubber vulcanization accelerators, rust inhibitors, anti-corrosion agents, and cleaning agents such as NOBS, DTOS, and MDS. , descaling agents, analgesics, local anesthetics, sedatives, respiratory system Chemicalbook and vascular stimulants, surfactants, optical bleaches, fruit preservatives, textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries, etc., in rubber, medicine, pesticides, dyes, coatings, etc. The industry has a wide range of uses. In medicine, it is used to produce many important drugs such as morpholino, virospirin, ibuprofen, aphrodisiac, naproxen, diclofenac, sodium phenylacetate, etc.